Determinism and Free will Essay -- Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Determinism and Free will Suppose that every event or action has a sufficient cause, which brings that event about. Today, in our scientific age, this sounds like a reasonable assumption. After all, can you imagine someone seriously claiming that when it rains, or when a plane crashes, or when a business succeeds, there might be no cause for it? Surely, human behavior is caused. It doesn't just happen for no reason at all. The types of human behavior for which people are held morally accountable are usually said to be caused by the people who engaged in that behavior. People typically cause their own behavior by making choices; thus, this type of behavior might be thought to be caused by your own choice-makings. This freedom to make your own choices is free will. Determinism, a philosophical doctrine against freedom, is the theory stating that all events, physical and mental (including moral choices), are completely determined by previously existing causes that preclude free will. This theory denies the element of chance or contingency, as well as the reality of human freedom, holding that the "will" is not free but is determined by biological, environmental, social, or mystical imperatives. Since every event in our lives is determined by outside causes, then we are just some sort of robots. Freedom, on the other hand, is rooted behind the idea that we do have control over the choices we make, thus having free will, a requirement for being morally accountable for an...

McJobs Are Bad for Kids Essay

I thought Amitai Etzioni’s article: The Fast-Food Factories: McJobs are Bad for Kids,† was both accurate and convincing. His assertion that fast food jobs, â€Å"impart few skills useful in later life,† and â€Å"skew the values of teenagers,† is correct. At first blush, these jobs seem idea for teaching young people responsibility and self-discipline. But, when examining issues the author mentions as negatives such as; hours worked, appropriate supervision, job training, opportunity for advancement, responsible behaviors, and affects on academics; fast food employment does appear to have a negative effect on teens. The number of hours worked usually equate to how much money you make. If hours worked is not tempered with other responsibilities, such as school activities and adequate rest, teenagers will suffer the negative effects. Teenagers working in fast food establishments often have hour’s restrictions of 40 hours per week. Because many fast food establishments are open late, and require cleanup and tally-up after hours, many teens can work very long shifts. It was not surprising to learn that teens working a thirty-hour week may do so in two to three days. The author references an informal high school yearbook survey wherein seniors acknowledged that their jobs interfered with their school work; a definite negative trade-off. As in any business, fast food establishments must have appropriate management of the processes to maintain consistency of the product and enforce safety practices. In many fast food establishments to be a supervisor you must be an adult, defined as eighteen years of age, and complete supervisory courses provided by the employer. Though teenagers were not officially supervisors, in some establishments, supervisory duties are many times assigned to and accomplished by them. And, sometimes, as the author states, there is not an adult on the premises. Each of the fast food establishments requires training, to some degree. Because many of the tasks are simple and repetitive, the vast majority of this training given is informal and on the job. This training can last from a few minutes to a few days. Additionally, the trainers, many times, are other teens. Further, the future benefit of the skills learned in these simple and repetitive tasks is questionable. Advancement in many fast food establishments does not exist or is very limited. Advancement usually means assignment to other work stations within the restaurant and little or no advance in pay or technical expertise. Designated career paths, leading to management positions are not the norm and were not available to the teens interviewed for this paper. Many people think that teens that work will benefit from learning to be responsible. They also think they will develop a strong work ethic which will benefit them throughout their working life. In actuality the benefits of responsible behavior and ethical work habit are seldom acquired. Punctuality though is considered important. Those teens that are chronically late are disciplined or dismissed. Responsibility seems to be limited to punctuality. Staying on task and using time wisely is not important to teens in the fast food industry. Employee theft is also very problematic. Money is sometimes stolen but the majority of theft involves teens stealing food for themselves and friends. Poor supervision, or no supervision, allows this unethical behavior to develop and become an established norm. Academics are not addressed so consequently are not important in the fast food industry. Long and/or late work hours that may interfere with schoolwork are not considered. Programs that monitor grades to ascertain if work is interfering with education were not found. Some teens say â€Å"they don’t care if you have homework, graduate or want to pursue further education† (According to Max Greenwood). Additionally, many teens working in fast food are high school dropouts. This further establishes the environment that doesn’t support doing your best, seeking advancement, and furthering your education. Prior to reading this article and doing research, I didn’t agree with Etzioni, that teenagers’ working fast food is bad. To validate Etzioni’s claims, I interviewed individuals who worked fast food as teens. These individuals reaffirmed that working fast food did not provide appropriate supervision, worked long hours, received little training, didn’t have appropriate supervision, and it affected academics negatively. Etzioni, Amitai. â€Å"Chapter 6: Arguing A Position.† The St. Martin’s Guide to Writing 9th Ed Short Edition I-cite. N.p.: Bedford/st Martins, 2010. 280-83. Print.

Organizational Systems Theory And The Macro System

Organisational Systems Theory The macro system is the most prominent and significant theory. The macro system consists of all the variables in any society. Bronfenbrenner (1979) described the macro system as, â€Å"The macro system refers to the consistency observed within a given culture or subculture in the form and content of its constituent micro-, meso-, and exosystems, as well as any belief systems or ideology underlying such consistencies† (p. 258). The macro system consists of the following six super systems, globalisation, government, economy, family, religion and media. These six super systems all influence the daily life of individuals and contribute to the incidence of drug use in Australia. The government needs to try to control the incidence of drug use in society. There needs to be more legislation against the use of drugs and harsher penalties for those caught using drugs. Globalisation has caused changes in the economy, with changes in trade, money and the mixing of cultures. With the changes in the economy it has made it harder for some people to survive, as almost everything has had a dramatic increase in price. This has caused people to turn to dealing drugs to make money and also turn to using drugs to feel less stress and worry. Ludwig von Bertalanffy, an Austrian biologist, was the founder of general systems theory. According to Robbins, Bergman, Stagg Coulter (2008) a system is defined as, â€Å" a set of interrelated and interdependent parts arranged in aShow MoreRelatedThe Contemporary Approaches Of Management904 Words   |  4 PagesThe contemporary approaches to management began development in the mid-1900s with roots in the classical approaches to management. These methods are sociotechnical systems theory, quantitative management, organizational behavior, and systems theory (Bateman Snell, 2013, pp. 24-39). Each approach to management varies to some degree, with a focus on sociology and psychology, or math and science. Each one is affected by or has an effect on the environment around them. Over the century, improvementsRead MoreEnvironments Of The Four Contemporary Management Approaches To Management834 Words   |  4 Pagescontemporary management approaches that include: sociotechnical theory , organizational behavior, quantitative management and systems theory. These management approaches are essential in analyzing the different organizational environments, including internal, macro and competitive environments. This paper will look at the different contemporary management approaches, define open systems and describe the internal, macro and competitive organizational environments. It will also indicate whether or not the fourRead MoreCONTEMPORARY APPROACH Essay679 Words   |  3 Pagescontemporary approaches to management are different from one another. Define â€Å"open systems† and describe the internal, competitive, and macro environments of an organization. Lastly, indicate whether the four contemporary approaches to management are relevant in these three environments and why or why not. You may research external sources to support your answer. Cite any external sources used. Sociotechnical Theory suggests that organizations are effective when their employees have the right toolsRead MoreComplexity Leadership For An Education Mnc1698 Words   |  7 PagesComplexity Leadership Applied to an Education MNC The rise in knowledge work has encouraged a new view of leadership. Complexity leadership theory assumes that organizations are less like mechanistic machines, which can be controlled using directive leadership, but rather organizations comprising of dynamic groups with interdependent relationships (Best, 2014). Complexity leadership requires a paradigm shift from traditional leadership. Knowledge is powerful, and creating a shared sense of knowledgeRead MoreManagement Approaches1427 Words   |  6 PagesContemporary Theories of Management Contingency Theory Basically, contingency theory asserts that when managers make a decision, they must take into account all aspects of the current situation and act on those aspects that are key to the situation at hand. Basically, it’s the approach that â€Å"it depends.† For example, the continuing effort to identify the best leadership or management style might now conclude that the best style depends on the situation. If one is leading troops in the Persian GulfRead MoreContemporary Approaches to Management611 Words   |  3 Pagesthree types of environments; internal, competitive and macro environment. The first approach to management would be the sociotechnical systems theory. Researchers believed that for an organization to be successful it would need the social system and the technical system to work together in harmony. The social system consists of the employees, their knowledge, skills, attitude and their understanding of their job. Whereas the technical system consists of the items the employee need to complete theRead MoreSocial Work Roles Of Macro Practice1736 Words   |  7 Pages Social Work Roles in Macro Practice Journal 1 Student Name: Adegboyega Bada Professor: George Okurapa Course: Community Practice CourseRead MoreSociotechnical Systems Theory697 Words   |  3 PagesSociotechnical systems theory Jimmy John Upstate University Sociotechnical systems theory is basically the belief that employees that are better equipped with the proper things that they need to do their jobs, training and knowledge on how to do that specific job that they in return will be more efficient at their jobs. The end result will create useful products and services to consumers. There by creating less wasteful products. This approach suggests that â€Å"organizations are effective whenRead MoreManagement, Organizational Behavior, And Systems Theory1027 Words   |  5 Pagestechnology, resources, and the internal and external environments. These include sociotechnical theory, quantitative management, organizational behavior, and systems theory. Also, there are parts of an organizations internal and external environments that may alter the effectiveness of these four contemporary approaches and how a manager might makes decisions. To begin, using the sociotechnical theory approach to management, a manager will recognize the interaction between technology and employeesRead MoreEssay about Just Culture1079 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Just Culture: Theories and Concept to Implement a Change Nurse 600 Just Culture: Theories and Concept to Implement a Change To modify healthcare policies in a facility to a Just Culture environment, one must learned what â€Å"Just Culture† entails. By using economic, organizational change, and systems science theories and/or concepts a Just Culture program will be implemented into a facility by a leadership team. Just Culture Mistakes and errors caused by medical providers happen

I Have a Dream Speech The Most Imperative Speech - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1408 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/08/02 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: I Have a Dream Essay Martin Luther King Essay Did you like this example? A standout amongst the most imperative speeches in the historical backdrop of America is the I have a Dream Speech. This endearing speech denoted the start of another period operating at a black history. In his speech he talked about equality, freedom and a land free of any discrimination for a person of any skin color. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "I Have a Dream Speech: The Most Imperative Speech" essay for you Create order He mentioned about the great future of black and whites in America together. He referred to the history where he mentioned that President talked about freedom or equality but never happened in reality. He conveyed the message of founding fathers of the united states. The African Americans are as yet battling for an equivalent status. In any case, King made utilization of his great speech to make people think toward another path and to convince them to discover rationale in solidarity and fellowship. His logic lay in peacefulness as was Quaid-E-Azzam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He was thinking about a great future where the Whites and the African Americans could live and stay in a similar society and could produce a stronger country free of racism or any type of discrimination. On the off chance that millions turned into the followers of King and went along with him in the war then the reason was his rhetoric in which they could discover motivation and expectation. Here is an explanatory examination of the speech that highlights on the three components ethos, pathos and logos to investigate where the appeal and intensity of his speech lie. Martin Luther King Jr. had conveyed this speech at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC on 28 August 1963. King began his speech with the lines, I am happy to join with you today in what will stand out forever as the best exhibition for opportunity ever of country( I have a Dream 381). King shows his happiness at the beginning and builds up the tone of his speech with these early on lines. He utilizes pathos and logos in the starting lines to interface with his group of audience. His bliss is the impression of the quality that originates from being the pioneer of the majority and the rationale for which he is remaining there is freedom. After these lines he moves the concentration to the historical backdrop of America and the establishment of the great nation. Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice This is the ethos part of the speech. He alludes to the historical backdrop of America and to Lincoln to set up credibility. He alludes to the historical occasion of the signing of liberation announcement and of the generosity that Lincolns action implied. Lincolns actions implied trust and hope yet what was placed in words was never really implemented practically. In the later parts of his speech too he refers to the establishing fathers of the American country and after that endeavors to build up the credibility of his point by talking about their activities and intentions. Their fantasy of a free, equivalent and cheerful country has not been satisfied. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir By architects of the republic he implies the founding fathers of the American country. The Constitution and the Declaration of Independe nce are records of authentic significance that he refers to for setting up credibility. And then point comes where pathos part of the address is, which the speaker uses to draw in the feelings of his audience gathered. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of Gods children Martin Luther King Jr was a peaceful but blazing leader who talked with energy and his heart. Through his words he was endeavoring to touch off the energy inside his audience and that they could bring since a long time ago esteemed dream of equality true. It is the reason he utilizes words like quicksands, racial injustice and Gods children to bring the gravity of the situation before everybody and to enable them to acknowledge how they could defeat their dread and work toward racial equity and strengthening together. This sweltering summer of the Negros legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. From sweltering summer to invigorating autumn, this is the means by which King talked. This is again an endeavor at associating with the audience feelings and sentiments. It is an endeavor that the African American individuals make a wholehearted stride towards freedom from racism and discrimination on the basis of color of skin. And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. These words are sincerely charged however, King isnt attempting to prompt individuals for brutality or decimation. He is talking about the motivation in the hearts of the African Americans and their never say die words which makes them relentless. He is requesting that the whole country consider the issue of racial uniformity seriously. These words will undoubtedly touch any African American profoundly at the center of his heart. Along these lines, King uses pathos in his address to strengthen his audience crowd and to beat their feelings. however, the whole address till the end is stacked with pathos. There are a few lines which are just meant to touch off expectation in individuals souls and to bond with their feelings. For instance: I have a dream that one day even the state of Miss issippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. Kings speech has an eminent blend of all the three points, ethos, pathos and logos. His logic is solid and he clears up it at many points. I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. And some of you have come from areas where your quest   quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. His crowd of the audience is for the most part made of African American individuals who have suffered on hand of the failed system and his logic lies with racial equality. In fact, each Negross as King speaks lies with equality and that every last one of them must have an equivalent status as any white in the American country. I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification   one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. King realized that a country who is united is a country strong. He realized that by doing injustice to the African Americans like it was doing to himself on the grounds that these individuals too had played an essential role really building this country and were a vital piece of its cultural texture. In this way, if America somehow managed to be a free country in the real meanings, it probably wont be so without permitting the Negro his merited rights. King was a great and powerful leader with strong words and he never promoted any brutality or lighting fire in hearts of his people against other people. All he wanted was a country free of discrimination and racism where nobody could get scared from the color of a different skin. Along these lines, his speech conveys an excellent and dependable interest which is, for the most part, a direct result of the Kings words which were strong, powerful and whose impression wont blur.

Domestic Violence And Its Effects On Society - 1745 Words

Domestic Violence in Literature Domestic violence entails transgressions that tend to exhibit regular occurrence worldwide. Domestic violence is substantially attributable to the psychological, physical, mental, and sexual forms of suffering or anguish. Domestic violence further refers to the family violence or spousal abuse that defines the evident pattern of violent behaviors executed by one spouse to the other in the close affiliations that include courtships, matrimony, family, or individuals staying together (Gueguen, 885). Studies show that in numerous instances the aggressors tend to exhibit their need for gaining power and authority upon their victims by acting violently. There are different forms of domestic violence worth†¦show more content†¦The play illustrates the women’s lack of use of the physical and spoken violence towards obtaining control over the Athens. Furthermore, Arendt portrays the women as individuals opposed to violence through receiving authority by their attendance of th e assembly besides ruling with power rather than using force. The play thus illustrates the fact that the women tend to comprehend some of the adverse effects of violence. As the rulers, the women can facilitate comprehension of the fact that domestic violence tends to affect the people adversely hence the need for imposing rules on punishing the vice. Presently numerous nations have policies imposed towards eradication of the vice as it has huge effects on the economic status of the country. Domestic violence tends to affect the countries adversely by hindering progress in every aspect of the country (Price, 79). The element of economic growth evident in the play presented by Hannah is substantially attributable to the focus on the nation on limiting the instances of domestic violence amongst the members of the society. The state is thus capable of ensuring the efficient use of its resources and time rather than using such in the resolution of the domestic violence. Furthermore, there is the necessity for noting that domestic violence tends to affect the children adversely especially those that witness and experience the violence during their early stages of development. The women in the playShow MoreRelatedDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1204 Words   |  5 Pages a.INTRODUCTION Domestic violence is defined as a violent behavior or an act of abuse between couples in the home. It is called family violence. Usually most women are harmed and the witnesses of this violence are also effected. This abuse is frowned upon in todays society. In Chile domestic violence wasn t taken seriously because of the cultural norm which was that men controlled the women. There are many treatments for the abuse but they are only focused on the victim; the one committing theRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1649 Words   |  7 PagesIn America most cases of Domestic Violence are never actually reported, many times these cases go unheard and the victims suffer in silence. The worn out cries of a battered woman as she lays on the ground clutching herself and begging her significant other to just stop. The bruises and cuts that remain unreported due to the victim claiming they accidentally fell yet again. The abusers tend to make the victim almost entirely depend able on them. An abuser will do this to gain control and to createRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society869 Words   |  4 Pagesimbalance of neurotransmitters can impact an individual’s development and overall self-image. Equally, an individual’s experience with domestic violence and its horrific ramifications can also impact a person’s psychological, emotional, physical, and social growth. Domestic Violence Domestic violence, is a virulent calamity that has woven its way into our society for thousands of years. It is not biased to a particular race, group, or culture. Grievously, it has an everlasting negative impact onRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1859 Words   |  8 Pagesdoors. Domestic violence kills. The facts are startling; one in every four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime, and those are just the cases that are reported. In the past weeks, America’s eye has been fixated on the NFL and the Capital Justice Departments prosecution of Adrian Peterson, Ray Rice and Greg Hardy. They were all indicted on allegations of domestic violence and abuse. Each year, another stack of players are arrested, or â€Å"caught† with a history of domestic violenceRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society904 Words   |  4 Pagesout of every four women will go through domestic violence situations in life. (safehorizon.com) Dome stic violence is aggressive behavior towards someone else at home or in a relationship. This can happen at home between spouses/partners or parents and children. Domestic violence should be given more acknowledgment in the media and in classrooms so that people are aware of what is happening. If we do not continue to advocate for victims and educate society, victims will continue to suffer physicallyRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society2241 Words   |  9 PagesDomestic violence, a highly prevalent, almost authorized, legally penalized, almost always hidden heinous crime, has been a matter of concern in many countries. More so in India, as every 2 in 5 women face domestic violence in India and about once every five minutes an incident of domestic violence is reported in India, under its legal definition of cruelty by husband or his relatives. Although it is gender neutral, domestic violence is usually perpetrated against women and hence it becomes essentialRead Mor eDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1360 Words   |  6 Pagesissue of domestic violence. Defined by domesticviolence.org (2012) as a behavior â€Å"used by one person in a relationship to control the other†, domestic violence can be physical, emotional, sexual, verbal, or even financial. Although the issue of abusers being punished is a significant one, it must be realized that there are victims, and those victims need help. Some countries have no concern or sympathy for victims, as more than twenty countries have no laws against abuse (Domestic Violence in DevelopingRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1431 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic violence is that dark little secret kept by your neighbor, your friend, your family member, or even yourself. It touches the lives of men, women, and children in every ethnic and economic group on the face of the earth. In order to stem the tide of this egregious and infectious behavior we cannot consider it so lely a women’s issue. It is as much a men’s issue as it is a women’s issue, maybe more so, and can only be effectively addressed if we enlist and encourage the help of familyRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Society1720 Words   |  7 PagesTo date, although domestic violence has been researched, the law remains a constraint to victims’ growth and stability. The laws and programs provided in today’s society are limited and affect the victims exit from domestic violence relationships. Further research could propel an initiation of better-developed laws and programs and cause a great impact in how victims respond to domestic violence. Few studies have researched how successful domestic violence victims have been with the legal processRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On The Society Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Domestic violence is not is not just physical abuse, but is any behavior that is intended to control another person through the use of verbal assaults (*cite*) A huge social issue throughout the world today. Domestic violence is not only limited to spousal abuse but also includes sibling abuse, elder abuse and child abuse. Domestic violence may also be known as family violence, wife or child beating and domestic abuse. (cite) Domestic Violence s a very important social issue throughout

Governance and Fraud for Quantas Airways Limited- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theGovernance and Fraud for Quantas Airways Limited. Answer: Corporate governance refers to administrative mechanisms adopted by a corporation to regulate it functioning. This means that corporate governance includes all managerial and administrative positions and their actions within the framework of the companys policies (Tricker and Tricker 2015). Corporate governance principles refer to well defined and ethical mechanisms prescribed for implementation by companies in order to establish a more moral and accountable stand from the companys perspective (Davies 2016). The HIH Insurance fraud and similar failures of corporations to be accountable lead to the need for well defined corporate governance principles Australia (Leung et al. 2014). The Australian Securities Exchanges (ASX) Corporate Governance Council makes recommendations for the same the current edition in force is the 3rd Edition (Beekes, Brown and Zhang 2015). The following paragraphs will explain the extent to which two corporations have adopted the ASXs recommendations in light of their current administrative position. Quantas Airways Limited (QAN): The management at QAN takes pride in stating that they have implemented the ASXs corporate governance recommendations and structure their corporate governance policies based on the same. The first step to this was the disclosure their corporate governance statement in the corporate governance section of their official website and it had additionally filed its corporate governance statement with the ASX. ASXs first recommendation is to provide for sound management and oversight (Young and Thyil 2014). This basically means a high degree of vigilance in the managerial activities undertaken by the corporation. QAN states that it has formulated a formal charter which is available to the public, its board oversees all managerial activities responsibly and the company secretary is directly answerable to the board. This is evidence that the first recommendation had been implemented. The second recommendation by the ASX is the structuring of the board strategically to add value (Christensen et al. 2015). This means the addition of independent directors to the board to ensure that the board complies with the interests of the company (Kim and Lu 2013). The current board at QAN comprises of ten directors out of which nine are independent director. This demonstrates compliance with the second recommendation. The third recommendation of the ASX deals with ethical and responsible actions of the administration (Tao and Hutchinson 2013). QAN has implemented a corporate governance framework which embodies certain business principles which must be followed and cannot be negotiated. It also had an employee share trading policy which ensures that value of the distributed shares are not lost by the creation of any charge on these shares. This is evidence of compliance with the third recommendation. QAN currently has an internal Audit Committee as well as a rotational external audit system. The external auditor is changed once every 5 years and the same staff isnt allowed to be employed. There is also a system of meeting of the management with the internal auditor and the internal auditors with the external auditors. The payments made to the external auditors are also disclosed. This is aimed at compliance with ASXs fourth recommendation which deals with ensuring the integrity of corporate financial reporting (Chapple, Clout and Tan 2014). QAN had various disclosure mechanisms including a half yearly confirmation from the Executive management that all disclosure requirements have been complied with. QAN also communicates with its shareholders through the ASX informing them of each of these disclosures. This aligns QANs policies with the fifth recommendation made by ASX which deals with balanced disclosures and the sixth recommendation dealing with rights of the shareholders (Bottomley 2016). The board at QAN also takes effective steps to ensure risk management and employees two committees for the same. The Audit committee and the Safety, Health, Environment and Security committee. This is in compliance with ASXs seventh recommendation which deals with risk management (Schultz, Tian and Twite 2013). The board at QAN also explicitly conforms to the adequate remuneration recommendation made by ASX which is its eighth recommendation (de Villiers and Alexander 2014). Qube Holdings LTD (QUB): QUB sets out its compliance with all 8 recommendations made by the ASX in seriatim in their corporate governance statement. With respect to recommendation 1 it provides that QUBs board functions under a charter which is available to the public and embodies a corporate governance framework. The charter also provides for evaluation of the boards performance and disclosure of such reviews. In relation to ASXs second recommendation it lays down that the board currently consists of six members five of whom are non-executive directors (independent directors). This ratio is evidence of its compliance with the second recommendation. The third recommendation of the ASX is also implemented through the companys code of conduct which is strictly adhered to and is also available to public in the companys official website. ASXs fourth recommendation deals with ethical financial reporting and in light of the same QUB employs a rotational framework for external audits similar to QAN above. With regard to recommendation 5 which deals with the disclosures to be made by the company, QUB employs has a Continuous Disclosure Policy in place which is also made available to the public. In compliance with the 6th recommendation of the ASX, QUB undertakes that it makes accurate and timely disclosures to all their shareholders providing them with an accurate image of the companys dealings. In relation to risk management which is the ASXs 7th recommendation the company employs an audit and risk management committee (however this committee does not carry out internal audit functions) to assess viable risks. This committee employs an external agent to assess viable risks of the company. The final recommendation of the ASX deals with fair remuneration, in accordance with this QUB employs a Nomination and Remuneration Committee which reviews and regulates these functions of the company. The structure of the board of both these entities over the past 3 years represents how implementation of the ASXs corporate governance principles has enhanced the performance of both companies. This has been explained below. The board of QAN the Chairman of the Board and the Chief executive officer are separate people. The chairman is an independent director and this increases the value of the board in light of the interests of the company. The rest of the board consists of 8 non-executive directors who have various professional backgrounds for a better understanding of all aspects of the companys transactions (Bals and Tate 2017). The financial structure of the company is thus aligned with the shareholders interests with the help of the prevailing framework. This has also reduced the net debt incurred by the company as compared to the other years. It may be inferred that the adoption of ASXs corporate governance principles have helped QAN grow as a more accountable and performance oriented organization. The present board of QUB contains 5 non-executive directors. Over the years it has also been seen that executive directors tenures have ceased to exist and have not been renewed. The company reported a profit of $73.2 million for the financial year 2016-2017 which is significantly high when compared to the reported profit of the past year which was $56.2 million (Qube, 2018). Thus, as can be seen from the profit and revenue figures compliance with ASXs corporate governance recommendations have enhanced the performance of the company and has further made it evident that the board id aligned with the interests of the company. The TFS Corporation in Australia dealt with Indian Sandalwood and was regarded as a fairly successful venture. When celebrating its highest revenue rates it faced major backlash from an independent research firm which alleged a failure of corporate governance would lead to the downfall of the company. Share prices fell monumentally in early 2017 and the company became insolvent in 2018 (Lingard and Perry 2018). The strengths and weaknesses of the TFS corporation (now known as Quintis Limited) are as follows: In 2015, the TFS corporation acquired two pharmaceutical companies based in the United States, namely, Santalis and ViroXis. However, this deal did not usher in any noticeable benefits for the shareholders and the company. This would be in contravention of ASXs third and sixth recommendation and is not an ethical or responsible act. This also effects the rights of the shareholders as they have a right to have their interests safeguarded by the administration. Such a move of acquiring businesses that have stagnated or are not making any revenues also harms the credibility of the board. It also shows that the structure of the board did not provide for value creation. It is also established that the TFS Corporation was unaware of contacts between its subsidiaries and other entities ceasing to exist. This is inconsistent with the disclosure standards and shows a lack of communication within the organizational framework. This is against the ASXs first recommendation which relates to structuring of management and oversight in a responsible way. It would also pay up large amounts of dividends (rate of which kept increasing from the year it first started declaring dividends which was 2007). This in ways did amount to protection of shareholders interests and was one of the only identifiable strengths in Quintis Limiteds corporate governance policies. However, this would be regarded as a misrepresentation later as the shares ultimately amounted to zero. The company had also made numerous misrepresentations which made the financial position of the company appear inflated. Researches (Glaucus Inc) however predicted the shares of Quintis Limited were worthless. This was proved to be true when the company share prices collapsed and eventually lead to its demise in the form of insolvency. These misrepresentations would be in contravention of ASXs disclosure principle as well as the obligation to act ethically and responsibly. The above observations conclude that the implementation of corporate governance principles into the framework of Quintis Limited was limited if at all put in effect. The various fears stated by the critical research turned out to be realistic and materialized in due course. This also lead to a passing of allegations between the corporation and its subsidiaries which further establish a complete failure of corporate governance in the corporation. The corporate governance policies of the TFS Corporation lead to its downfall despite being projected as a viable profitable venture at first glance. The following acts by the company lead to its demise: The acquisition of two companies that were generating no revenue was a step that lead to the detriment of the company. This was not only against ASXs corporate governance recommendations but also against the Corporations Act 2001 which provides for decision making in good faith and in the best interests of the company. This was the first failure as one of these subsidiaries was a major source of controversy in later years as its contracts with other entities were terminated yet the board of Quintis Limited was apparently not notified. This question of the board being unaware also shows in the communications and disclosures between the company and its subsidiaries. All of these entities are obligated to act in the best interests of the company and such gaps clearly show a conflict of interest in that regard. The misrepresentations made by the company (which were eventually evident from the rapid fall in share prices) lead to a massive loss of credibility and thus investor reliance on the representations made by the company fell monumentally. To conclude, TFS Corporations inability to incorporate or intentional deviance from ASXs corporate governance principles lead to the ultimate demise of the corporation. The directors had represented that they are working in line with the best interests of the shareholders in mind however it was the shareholders interests which suffered the most from the final predicament. Thus, had the organization implemented better corporate governance policies it would be a stable investment and would continually usher in profits for all shareholders. This demise is a reminder of a corporations true obligations and responsibilities and also it ethical duties towards the public and society at large. Reference list: Bals, L. and Tate, W., 2017. Transparency. InImplementing Triple Bottom Line Sustainability into Global Supply Chains(pp. 90-155). Routledge. Beekes, W., Brown, P. and Zhang, Q., 2015. Corporate governance and the informativeness of disclosures in Australia: A re?examination.Accounting Finance,55(4), pp.931-963. Bottomley, S., 2016.The constitutional corporation: Rethinking corporate governance. Routledge. Chapple, L., Clout, V.J. and Tan, D., 2014. Corporate governance and securities class actions.Australian Journal of Management,39(4), pp.525-547. Christensen, J., Kent, P., Routledge, J. and Stewart, J., 2015. Do corporate governance recommendations improve the performance and accountability of small listed companies?.Accounting Finance,55(1), pp.133-164. Davies, A., 2016.Best practice in corporate governance: Building reputation and sustainable success. Routledge. de Villiers, C. and Alexander, D., 2014. The institutionalisation of corporate social responsibility reporting.The British Accounting Review,46(2), pp.198-212. Kim, E.H. and Lu, Y., 2013. Corporate governance reforms around the world and cross-border acquisitions.Journal of Corporate Finance,22, pp.236-253. Leung, P., Coram, P., Cooper, B.J. and Richardson, P., 2014.Modern Auditing and Assurance Services 6e. Wiley. Lingard, K. and Perry, M., 2018. An assessment of the regulatory framework of the Western Australian sandalwood industry.Australian Forestry, pp.1-13. Qube. 2018.Corporate Governance Policies Committees and Board Governance. [online] Available at: https://www.qube.com.au/about/corporate-governance/ [Accessed 7 Apr. 2018]. Schultz, E., Tian, G.Y. and Twite, G., 2013. Corporate governance and the CEO payperformance link: Australian evidence.International Review of Finance,13(4), pp.447-472. Tao, N.B. and Hutchinson, M., 2013. Corporate governance and risk management: The role of risk management and compensation committees.Journal of Contemporary Accounting Economics,9(1), pp.83-99. Tricker, R.B. and Tricker, R.I., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Young, S. and Thyil, V., 2014. Corporate social responsibility and corporate governance: Role of context in international settings.Journal of Business Ethics,122(1), pp.1-24.

It Is Time To Reaffirm Our Actions Essays - Social Inequality

It Is Time to Reaffirm Our Actions On Equal Opportunity The history of this Nation is being carved with the chisels of our incessant struggle towards freedom and equality. Evidently, that struggle has continually propelled us scores of years away from slavery and flagrant bigotry. Yes, we can not deny to ourselves that our odyssey to the realms of crystal-clear equality has not yet ended. Though, attempting to surpass the craters of injustice with fabricated bridges of unequal treatment will merely make our journey that much more treacherous and insurmountable. No matter how benevolently intended, practicing preferential treatment based on race, ethnicity, and gender ultimately results in great social discomfort to everyone involved. Initially, in the mid 1960s, Affirmative Action programs were intended to protect minorities from racial and gender discrimination. Today, we need to demonstrate to ourselves that we have truly progressed towards a gender and color-blind society, since the inception of Affirmative Action. To materialize that goal, we must start adopting feasible alternatives that may allow us to value and select the most suitable individuals, among ourselves, based solely on the merit of our abilities and actions, and Not on our God-given skin-pigment and/or gender. Affirmative Action Programs have ingrained and extended into a very wide array of social programs and minority groups in the United States. Therefore, It would be impossible to fit every Affirmative Action issue within the length and scope of this research assignment. As a result, I will confine the discussion in this paper to the general philosophical ideology that serves as the core of Affirmative Action. That is preferential treatment based solely on race and gender, in the workplace. For instance, the following issue is commonplace in today's workplace: Two business education teachers --one black, one white-- were hired on the same day by the Piscaway School Board. When the board was forced to fire one eight years later, it dismissed the white teacher rather than her black colleague, who was at the time the only black teacher in the 10-member department. In the past, the decision would have been settled by a coin-toss. Sharon Taxman, the white teacher, filed a reverse discrimination suit with the support of the Bush administration Justice Department. But under president Clinton, the Department switched sides and argued that the school district could take race into account in this instance (United States, Courts Establish Boundaries 1). Clearly, that was an example of how the American society has lost the notion of plain common-sense, as it has striven to maintain racial and gender balance. Instead of making decisions based on our people's merits and abilities, it has chosen to do it in a way that would supposedly foster race and gender harmony. Unfortunately, it has achieved quite the opposite: Abrogating social perception and uneasiness about race and gender. How did America drift from the ideal of a color blind society into the current environment of quotas, goals, timetables, set-asides, diversity training, and the like?. Affirmative Action Programs, --Like other Federal Government Programs, for instance, Welfare, Social Security and Bilingual Education.-- were started as under-funded pilot-programs, or small reform-initiatives. As decades went by, many U.S. Presidents and Congresses had their opportunity to enhance those programs with larger funds and non-sense intricacies, so they grew --slowly. Until one day, these small, underfed initiatives, developed into colossal, unmanageable, dollar-guzzler, mindless programs. Today, those nonsensical federal programs need to be drastically trimmed and re-programmed, or even, terminated. Initially the effort came from The White House and Congress, as a result of flagrant and despicable acts of race discrimination, prevalent for many decades. In 1964, Congress enacted the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Specifically, Title VII of the Act, Marked a huge advance for the principle of non-discrimination based on race, ethnicity and gender in the workplace (United States, A 30 year Experiment 1). However, since Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act is very vague and broad in its language, many proposals con or pro Affirmative Action are ultimately challenged in court. For instance, In November 1996, the majority of people of the State of California voted YES on Proposition-209. That Proposition effectively banned Affirmative Action Programs mandated by the State. The initiative for that Proposition was undertaken by two white, male, and politically